All calves are exposed to a variety of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. These microorganisms are part of the environment in which live cattle and calves should develop immunity to them.

Keeping children healthy cow-calf requires good management, make sure the calf has received adequate colostrum within 6 to 8 hours of birth, have access to shelter and make sure the calf receives a proper meal. For more information about calf health you can visit www.feedworks.com.au/best-calf-additive-for-health-and-growth/. 

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Two main types of problems seen in calves are:

-Pneumonia

-intestinal problems (scouring)

The loss of water and salt result to dehydration, this leads to death. In other words, the germs that began scouring usually are not the direct cause of death. It is caused by loss of body fluids and salts which are the true cause of death.

The most important method of prevention is to provide adequate colostrum (beestings) in the first few hours after birth. A calf needs about two liters of colostrum milk. cattle that are not mixed up with the herd may not have enough antibodies in their milk to provide suitable protection to their calves.

To overcome this  and a problem with a sick cow or a cow that died at calving,  a store of frozen colostrum should be kept in a refrigerator.  Colostrum is more potent than veterinary medicine. Also maintain a suitable management and feeding system.